Which type of leadership is characterized by a focus on traits and characteristics of exceptional individuals?

The type of leadership characterized by a focus on traits and characteristics of exceptional individuals is known as the Great Man Theory. This theory suggests that leaders are born with certain inherent qualities or traits that make them capable of leading effectively. It emphasizes the idea that great leaders possess unique attributes such as charisma, intelligence, and confidence, which set them apart from others.

The Great Man Theory originated in the study of historical leaders, suggesting that significant figures throughout history emerged due to their extraordinary abilities. This perspective places less emphasis on situational factors or the development of leadership skills over time, focusing instead on the innate characteristics of the individual leader.

In contrast, other leadership styles like transactional leadership prioritize exchanges between leaders and followers, transformational leadership emphasizes inspiring and motivating followers to achieve a higher level of engagement and performance, and servant leadership centers on the leader's role in serving their team and community. These approaches incorporate a variety of factors beyond personal traits, which is why they differ from the Great Man Theory’s core focus on individual characteristics.